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To investigate the clinical effect of distally pedicled peroneus brevis muscle flaps and retrograde neurocutaneous flaps on treatment of bone and soft-tissue 3-dimensional defects of the lower leg and foot, the authors retrospectively studied all the patients admitted in their center in 3 consecutive years with bone and soft-tissue defects from March 2008 to February 2011; 21 patients suffering from traumatic and osteomyelitis were treated with peroneus brevis muscle flaps, for obliterating the hole-shaped bony defects after osteomyelitis debridement, and neurocutaneous flaps, for repairing associated soft-tissue defects. After thorough debridement, the average size of soft-tissue defects was 2 cm x 2 cm to 13 cm x 9 cm and that of bony defects was 2 cm x 2 cm x 2 cm to 6 cm x 3 cm x 3 cm. Neurocutaneous flaps completely survived in 20 cases, and the wounds healed at stage I; 1 case developed necrosis in the distal part of the peroneus brevis muscle flap and sural nerve flap, and the wound healed with a saphenous nerve flap